This is the fourth of a series
of five articles on the early years in Brookhaven town This first
post route was established in 1764 and a post rider on horse back
went through the north side of the Island and back on the south side
once in two weeks the first post office in Brookhaven was opened at
Middle Island in 1796 which was then called Middletown with Appollus
Wetmore as the first postmaster.
A report for this post office in
1812 shows a return to the Post master General for the year of
$17.92. For many years the mail was very light. In 1824 the rate of
postage on a letter of one sheet of paper up to 80 miles was 10
cents and for over 400 miles it was 25 cents. A letter of two sheets
was charged double that rate. At first, most of the letters were sent
with postage to be collected on the delivery end.
According to the
post office records in the National Archives at Washington D.C., there
were 11 post offices in Brookhaven Town in 1830. They were
Middletown,
1796, (later called Brookhaven and changed to Middle Island in 1820);
Drowned Meadow (Port Jefferson) 1801; Patchogue 1802; Fireplace 1803
(changed to Brookhaven in 1871); Stony Brook 1807; Setauket and New
Village both 1821; Miller Place and Wading River both 1825; Coram 1826;
and Moriches 1827.
Before the main line of the
Long Island Railroad
was opened through to Riverhead and Greenport in July 1844, travel on
land was by the mail stage coach, and it took two or three days to go
from the east end villages to New York.
It was a day of great rejoicing
when the "iron horse" finally came and a trip to the city only took
about three hours. Prime in his history of Long Island in 1845, says,
"It is impossible to divine the amazing changes which this
improvement will effect on both the intellectual and secular
interest of the eastern part of the Island. But until the people
beheld with their own eyes the cumbrous train of cars drawn by an
iron horse, spouting forth smoke and steam, passing like a steed of
lightning through their fields and forests with such velocity that they could not tell
whether the
countenances of the people were human, celestial or infernal, they
would not believe that a rail road had the power to annihilate both
time and space."
The first real move towards educating the children by
the town was when the Town of Brookhaven was divided into school
districts in 1813, by a vote of people at a town meeting held in
Coram. Within a short time small, one room school house were build in
all the village of the town. These were about 20 x 24 feet in
size and had slanting desks attached to the wall around the sides of
the room, and seats in the center of the room made from slabs sawed
out at the local saw mill, which had no backs. A fire place at first
furnished heat and later a stove that took in a large chunk of wood
and threw out lots of heat. Only part of the children went at one
time, and the older boys attended school during the winter months
when the farm work was slack, and the younger children in the open
season, as they all had to walk, some as far as two miles. The teacher
at first received about ten dollars a month and board, as the custom
of 'boarding round' at the homes of the pupils was common in those
days.
"The oldest road of any length in the town was the "Old Town Road"
which was opened from Setauket to the early settlement at South
Haven and Fireplace soon after settlement was made at Setauket. The
middle country road was opened around 1700 and for many years was
the most important highway between Brooklyn and the east end
villages. Before many years, roads running through the Island on the
north and south side were opened. The town ordered in 1707 that every
freeholder should work two days a year in clearing the commons and
the highways.
One of the most important men in the early life of the
town was Richard Woodhull who was born in Northhamptonshire, England,
in 1620. He was located in Brookhaven Town in 1657, and in that year
purchased meadows at Mastic for the town. He was a surveyor for the
primitive colony, and in 1661 was appointed to many offices and acted
on many important commissions, and according to one historian, "the
records of Brookhaven and the facts of history are the modest but
unfaltering witness to a character, which for principles of honor and
justice unselfish motives far seeing discretion and kindliness of
manners has few superiors among the honored names of American
history.